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Business & Society
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NGOs, Social Venturing, and Community Citizenship Behavior

Lisa Easterly

New York State Education Department

Paul Miesing

University at Albany

Growing concerns about corporations’ business and accounting practices have contributed to increased scrutiny and the adoption of new laws to govern corporate behavior. Nonprofit nongovernmental organizations (NGOs) have also come under investigation for their activities, especially when engaging in social venturing. Because NGOs are largely supported by taxpayer dollars and private donations, their existence is strongly based on fulfilling their social purpose mission. In this study, NGOs reported on this increased scrutiny and how it was especially important for them to act as good corporate citizens, which, in corporate citizenship theory, means being economically responsible, abiding by the law, engaging in ethical and moral management, and ensuring the philanthropy of the social venture. The authors find that these components are key to the sustainability of the ventures and the organizations themselves. Based on study findings, the authors propose "community citizenship behavior" as a broader model for application in social ventures.

Key Words: corporate citizenship • nongovernmental organization • nonprofit • social enterprise • social venture

This version was published on December 1, 2009

Business & Society, Vol. 48, No. 4, 538-564 (2009)
DOI: 10.1177/0007650308317385
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